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Soils of India
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Soils of India
1. Earth’s body of soil is the known as?
a) Pedosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Biosphere
d) Hydrosphere
2. Soil science has how many branches of study?
a) 4
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
3. Which soils are formed from chemical decomposition of rocks?
a) Laterite Soils
b) Marine deposits
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
4. Which soils are pink or red in colour?
a) Laterite Soils
b) Marine deposits
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
5. Which soils are formed by the sediments brought down by the rivers?
a) Laterite Soils
b) Marine deposits
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
6. Which soil is formed from arid conditions with practically negligible rainfall?
a) Marine deposits
b) Desert soils
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
7. Which soils are also called as regur soils?
a) Marine deposits
b) Desert soils
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
8. Which soil is suitable for the growth of cotton?
a) Marine deposits
b) Desert soils
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
9. Name the soil with low shearing strength and high compressibility?
a) Marine deposits
b) Desert soils
c) Black soil
d) Alluvial
10. Which of the following is engineering properties of black soils?
a) High compressibility
b) Low bearing capacity
c) Low shearing strength
d) All the above.
1.a)
pedosphere. Earth’s body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth’s atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.
The pedosphere interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.The term pedolith, used commonly to refer to the soil, translates to ground stone. Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).
2.c)
Soil science has two basic branches of study: edaphology and pedology. Edaphology is concerned with the influence of soils on living things. Pedology is focused on the formation, description (morphology), and classification of soils in their natural environment.
3. a) Laterite Soils. Laterite soil”s are formed from chemical decomposition of rocks. These soils are found in Central, Eastern and South India. These are residual soils formed from basalt and have high specific gravity. These soils are mostly composed as calcite depositions.
4. a) laterite soils. Laterite soils are formed from chemical decomposition of rocks. These soils mainly contain iron oxide which gives them characteristic pink or red colour.
5. d) alluvial. These soils are formed by the sediments brought down by the rivers. They are also rich in chemical ingredients. The rivers deposit very fine particles of soil called alluvium in their plains during their long course of journey. Alluvial soil is also known as riverine soil because it is mainly found in the river basin. Alluvial soils are very fertile. They contain potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops. Soils in the drier areas are more alkaline and can be productive after proper treatment and irrigation.
6. b) desert soil. These soils are found in Thar desert in the Indian state of Rajasthan. This soil is formed from arid conditions with practically negligible rainfall. This type of soil is highly pervious and has a low density. It requires densification to increase its bearing capacity and shearing strength. Commonly recognized plants that grow in these soils are cacti.
7. c) black soil. These soils are also called as regur soils. Central India and Deccan plateau mainly constitutes this type of soil.
8. c) black. These soils are also called as regur soils. Central India and Deccan plateau mainly constitutes this type of soil. The soil is suitable for growing cottons. It is believed that the climatic conditions along with the parent rock material are the important factors for the formation of black soil. This type of soil is typically of the Deccan trap region spread over Northwest Deccan plateau and is made from lava flows. They cover the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and extend in South-East direction along Godavari and Krishna valleys. These soils contain essential clay minerals as montmorillonite. These soils cover an extensive area of 300,000 km.
9. a) marine deposits. These soils are found in narrow belt near the south-west coast of India. These soils have low shearing strength and high compressibility. The marine clays are soft and highly plastic.They contain large amount of organic matter and are not suitable for construction of megastructures like buildings, cranes etc.
10. d) all the above. Black soils contain essential clay minerals as montmorillonite. These soils cover an extensive area of 300,000 km2.The engineering properties of such soils are as follows:
• High compressibility
• Low bearing capacity
• Low shearing strength
They are made up of clayey materials. They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. They are rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.++56