THE VERBS
VERB: is a word or combination of words that indicates action or state of being or conditions
Verb is the part of a sentence that tells us what the subject performs.
EXAMPLE: Sunil walks in the morning(action)
Anu is going to school (condition of action)
Paridhi does not like to walk (a negative action)
Diya is a good girl (state of being)
Verb are related to lot of other factors like the subjects,person, number, tense, mood voice etc.
- In terms of limitations /changeability
Finite verbs: Are the verbs that is performed by or refers to subject and uses one of the twelve tenses and changes according to the number/person of the subject.
Example: Diya went toschool (Diya is subject and perform the action in past)
He is one of the best players. (here, the verb is directly refers to the subject itself)
Non-finite verbs: They are not actual verbs. They do not work as a verb in the sentence rather they work as noun, adjectives, adverb etc. these verbs do not change according to the number/person of the subject. Sometimes they became the subject themselves.
Non-finite verbs are- infinitive, gerund, and participle.
Infinitive verbs are which preceded by to
e.g. I need to run every day.
Infinitive verbs which is not preceded by to
e.g. I must run every day.
Alex went abroad to play (infinitives)
Playing cricket is his only job (present participle
I have a broken bat (past participle)
Walking is a good habit (gerund) (Ing form of verb that function as noun)
- Classification of verbs in terms of objects
Transitive verbs: When action passes from subject to object.
Are those action verbs that need an object (a noun/pronoun) for the completion of the action.
A transitive verb demands something /some one to be acted upon
EXAMPLE: She is reading the newspaper
I painted the car.
She is reading the newspaper.
- The direct object is the direct receiver of the action as shown.
e.g. They named their daughter Natasha.
here daughter is the direct object.
The indirect objectis identified to or for whom or what the action of the verb is performed.
e.g. No apology will save him a jail term. (verb-Will save. Indirect object-him, direct object-jail term)
note indirect object always appears before the direct object.
Intransitive verb: When action remains with subject only.
They may be followed by an adjective, adverb, preposition, or another part of speech.
EXAMPLE: He walks
She smiled.
I wake up at 6 AM
- Classification of verbs by function
- Main verb
- Auxiliary verb
- Causative verb
Main verb:
These are the stand-alone verbs, that describe the main action, state, or event of the subject. They exist in various forms.
EXAMPLE: Harry eats an apple every day
She knows the problem.
LINKING VERBS: Add details about the subject of a sentence. In its simplest form, it connects the subject and the complement (which give information about subject)
Subject linking verb subjective compliment (noun, adjectives, participle)
Linking verbs are, is, be, are, was, were, hasbeen.
Some other are act, remain, become, seem,smell, sound, grow, look, prove, stay, prove, stay, taste, turn, appear, feel.
EXAMPLE: She appears ready for the game (she is ready for the game)
The food seemed delicious. (the food was delicious)
You look happy (you are happy)
Auxiliary verb/ Helping verb: Auxiliary verbs are the verbs that are used to help the main verb to express its meaning in accordance with tens or mood.
AUXILIARY VERBS:
- Primary auxiliary verb:
Be (is, are, am, was, were)-linking verb.
Do (do, does, did)-interrogative, negative.
Have (has, have, had)
EXAMPLE: They are playing
Rajang does not like apple
Do you read?
I have finished my work.
- Model auxiliary verb: A model verb is verb that is used with the main verb to indicate mood or tense.
Can, could, May, Might, Will, Would, shall, should, must, oughtto, need, used to
EXAMPLE: You can jump
It may rain today.
Causative verb: Are the verbs that are used to indicate that one person causes another person to do something for the first person.
One can cause somebody to do something for him/her by asking, paying, requesting, or forcing the person.
Get, Make, Let and Help, Have
EXAMPLE: Johan got Vivek to clean the bedroom
He always makes me to do work.
Let him stay out a little longer.
Exercise helps you burn excess body weight.
He had got his hair cut on Sunday.
1) None but they (1)/ are responsible (2)/ for this act(3)/ no error
2) Many a students (1)/ participated (2)/ in the competition (3) / no error
3) Shivangi never (1)/ has and never will allow (2)/ her brother to join army (3)/ no error
4) So honestly she worked (1)/ that she was (2)/ promoted by her boss (3)/ no error
5) Not only will shivangi (1)/ come here but also (2)/ she will stay (3)/ no error
6) My brother like the other members (1)/ of my family were left shelterless (2)/ as a result of flood in the city (3)/ no error
7) More than one student (1)/ has not come to (2)/ the class (3)/ no error
8) More students than (1)/ one were (2)/ absent yesterday (3)/ no error
9) Two thirds of (1)/ the books has been sold (2)/ in the very first year of its launch. (3)/ no error
10) It were the students (1)/ who wanted the teacher (2)/ to declare holiday today (3)/ no error
11) No student (1)/ and no teacher (2)/ was present (3) /no error
12) I made my (1)/ friend wrote (2)/ a letter in blue ink (3)/ no error
13) I would rather (1)/ you help (2) my sister (3)/ no error
14) I had (1)/ rather (2)/ you stayed with me (3)/ no error
15) We had better (1)/ to leave early if (2)/ we want to reach the examination hall on time (3)/ no error
16) You had better (1)/ study hard if (2)/ you want to pass the examination (3)/ no error
17) I helped (1)/ my friend solve (2)/ this puzzle (3)/ no error
18) If you scored the 99.99 percentile (1)/ in the exam, you would better (2) / the current record (3)/ which was set back in the year 2009.(4) / no error
19) I think he will not be able to (1)/ achieve greater (2)/ heights in his life(3)/ no error
ANSWER:
1) The given sentence is correct.
Tip – If the subject used after ‘none but’ is singular, it takes singular verb and if the subject is plural then it will take a plural verb
2) ‘Many a’ takes a singular subject and a singular verb.
3) add ‘allowed’ after ‘has’
Note – In a compound sentence both auxiliary verbs and principal verbs should be mentioned separately if they differ in number, form, or voice. In such cases, one verb can’t act for both the clauses.
4) ‘did she work’ instead of ‘she worked’
Note – When a sentence is is introduced by an adverb, the inverted form of the verb is used in this case.
5) ‘will she’ instead of ‘she will’
6) was instead of were.
Note – when two subjects are connected by as well as/like/unlike /besides/ and not / together with etc, the verb agrees with the first subject.
7) no error
Tip – ‘ more than one ‘ takes a singular noun and a singular verb.
8) no error
‘More.. than one’ takes a plural verb.
9) have in place of has
Handy tip – one third
One thirds
But if it’s more than one in the numerator like two, three etc then
Two third Two thirds
Three fourth three fourths
If it’s followed by plural countable noun then plural verb is used and when its followed by singular countable noun or uncountable noun then the singular verb is used.
For example
Two thirds of the book is easy to understand .
Two thirds of the book has been sold.
Two thirds of the books have been sold.
10) ‘was’ instead of ‘were’
11)no error
12) ‘write’ in place of wrote
13) ‘helped’ in place of help
Note – Would rather/had rather is followed by a clause in subjunctive mood. So v2 will be used.
For a better understanding of subjunctive mood of a few verbs, go through
14) The sentence is absolutely correct. Refer to the explanation of question 13th.
15) omit ‘to’
Note – ‘Had better’ is used to give advice or to tell people what to do. The meaning is present or future not past. Always use ‘had’ before better not have. With had better, we use the bare infinitive.
16) No error
17 ) The sentence is absolutely correct.
Note – Help, bid, let, make are causative verbs because they cause something else to happen. When they are used in the active voice, they (except let) are followed by bare infinitive (v1). But when they are used in a passive voice they are followed by an infinitive (to +v1).
Example – I made my friend solve the puzzle.
My friend was made to solve the puzzle.
18) No error
Note – Here the word better is conditional of the word ‘to better’ which means to improve or to do better than someone else.
19) When negative ideas are introduced in a noun clause with the verbs ( Imagine, think, believe, suppose) in the principal clause, it is advisable to make the principal clause in negative.
I think she will not pass the examination. (not preferable
I don’t think she will pass the examination. (more correct)
Note – This rule doesn’t apply to ‘hope’.